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GREAT ISLAMIC THINKERS OF MODERN TIMES: IQBAL, MAUDOODI, SYED QUTB, KHOMEINI,
OMAR 'ABDEL RAHMAN:
How to benefit from them?
When we present glimpses of the thoughts of these greats, we are not trying
to say that they should be followed uncritically or followed at all.
Muslims follow only Allah and the example of the Prophet (pbuh).
It's important to realize that these great thinkers are also creatures of
their social, cultural, national contexts.
If we look at them in detail, we will find that they had all the weaknesses
of their colonized lands and peoples.
They are great because they transcended their local contexts.
Imam Khomeini, for instance, was at one time a typical Shi'a scholar and
proved himself capable of distinguishing himself as scholarly Shia.
If we look at the details of his background,
the elements which divide Muslims will seem important.
However, Allah transformed him into a revolutionary who could see that
AMERICAN
IMPERIALISM and KINGSHIP,
not inter-Muslim issues, were central to the Muslim situation.
IMAM KHOMEINI moved from one level of greatness to another till he became a
world-shaping thinker.
Yet he shaped the changes he wrought from WITHIN the Iranian, Shi'a context.
His people believed that they should wait for the Mahdi to come and save
society from its ills. With his knowledge of the Shia dialectic,
Khomeini taught his people that even while they are waiting for the Mahdi,
they must organize themselves and accept the leadership of a scholar they
could trust to change their current situation.
[That's the concept of WILAYATE FAQIH.]
IQBAL was deeply versed in, impressed by and influenced by western philosophy.
He was an outstanding scholar at Heidelberg University in Germany.
[Pakistanis
have an important link with Germany!]
Later when he studied the
Qur'an,
he realized that all other knowledge was minor as compared to wisdom of the
BOOK.
MAUDOODI too has his highs and lows. His greatest achievements were:
-
Books on Muslim nationhood and the critique of the Pakistan movement [Musalman awr Mawjooda siyasi kashmakash. (Muslims and the Present Political Struggle).]
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SUNNAT KI AINI HAISIYAT [The place of the Prophet's Way in Islamic Law]
-
SOOD [A critique of capitalism and bank interest]
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TAFHIMAT [Analysis of difficult issues and texts in Islam]
-
Books on the terminology of the Qur'an and an understanding of Islam as
revolution and movement.
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HIS GREATEST BOOK IS KHILAFAT-o-MULUKIAT (Caliphate and Kingship) which is
so advanced that his own group Jamaate Islami demurred in publishing it.
MAUDOODI also had his conservative background and conventional religiosity
which he steadily overcame. Those who hate him ignore his major
contributions [listed above] and point to his weak publications such as
PURDAH and MASALA-e-MILKIATE ZAMEEN
[Again we must remember that we don't follow Khomeini or Maudoodi.
We are servants of Allah and we follow the path of the Prophet, pbuh.
Khomeini and Maudoodi are important because they give us the ability to be
aware Muslims.]
OMAR'ABDEL RAHMAN, GREAT SON OF
AFRICA,
Hafiz of the Qur'an and of
Sahih of Bukhari,
was seemingly an ordinary Egyptian preacher. However, he transcended not
only his physical weaknesses (he lost his sight during childhood) but also
the milieu of local
Egyptian
concerns. HE BECAME THE SPIRITUAL GUIDE OF THE
JIHAD
MOVEMENT which today is a global phenomenon. His Ph.D dissertation from
al-Azhar was on JIHAD.
In an era when just about all Muslim governments have been infiltrated, if
not taken over, by the enemies of Islam, Muslims often see no guidance,
seemingly, in conventional commentary on the Qur'an. If the REGIME is the
OPPRESSOR and envelopes itself in the sacred name of Islam, how are the
Muslims to fight back? Should they WAIT TO FIGHT
ISRAEL
till their corrupt governments declare Jihad (which of course would never
happen)? OMAR 'ABDEL RAHMAN showed the relevance of the JIHAD VERSES in the
Qur'an and the
Hadith
on Jihad. These verses are FOR EVERY MUSLIM, and JIHAD is the duty of every
Muslim, he taught. Hence today the Muslims are fighting back everywhere, in
growing numbers, aware that Jihad is as important as prayers and fasting.
[To be continued.]
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2003-11-27 Thu 14:12ct